Trunk cracking is a problem that is common to many trees, especially stone fruits.
The reason is unfavorable weather in winter and spring. First it is cold, then a thaw, and then frosts again.
What's happening
In spring, the tree awakens from hibernation. At this point, the cambium (formative tissue in the stems and roots) and bark are actively filled with water.
A temperature change occurs, causing the cambium to become damaged, peeling off from the wood, and the trunk to stretch, diverge and crack.
What can be done
You can help the tree if the damage is not too big. First, clean off the dead areas and cover them with garden balsam or pitch. Pulling off the peeling bark will help stop the wound from expanding further and create conditions for the formation of new cambium.
If the damage covers almost the entire trunk, then it will most likely not be possible to save the tree.
Prevention
1. Autumn whitewashing.
2. Water regime. It is necessary to ensure that the tree receives moisture evenly. For example, if there has been no rain for a long time, and then precipitation falls suddenly and there is a temperature drop, then there is a high probability that a crack will appear.
In spring, if the soil remains dry for a long time, moisture-charging irrigation is carried out. In autumn, the same procedure is followed.
