Does your soil look like concrete after winter? Don't rush to dig it up with a shovel!
Sprinkle flour over the area. But not wheat flour, but bone or fish flour (sold in gardening departments).
How does this work
It will saturate the soil with phosphorus and calcium. In three days, earthworms will loosen the soil better than any shovel.

And if the soil is acidic, sprinkle ash from the stove - 1 glass per square meter. The alkali will neutralize the acid, and potassium will strengthen future plants.
Green manure
And to restore fertility, use green manure.
Sow mustard or rye - after a month, mow the greens and dig into the soil. This is a natural fertilizer that will replace manure.
And never leave the soil bare! Cover it with cardboard or film - this will preserve moisture and heat. And if the soil is infested with nematodes, plant marigolds. Their roots secrete substances that kill pests.
And don't forget about composting kitchen waste. Banana peels, eggshells and coffee grounds buried in the ground will turn into "black gold" in a month. Just don't put meat and fats in there - they will attract rats.
Folk recipes
There are other ways. For example, add mushroom infusion to the soil.
Soak the caps of wild mushrooms in water for a day, then water the beds. The mycelium will improve the soil structure and help the plants absorb nutrients.
We remind you that agronomists and other experts are skeptical about some popular developments concerning the use of waste.
In some cases, the soil can only be restored through physical labor and the addition of loosening agents and organic additives.
And be prepared for the fact that it will take more than one season to restore the soil.